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برنارد مدوف شرکتی به نام Bernard L . Madoff Investments Securities LLC را در سال 1960 راه اندازی کرد و تا روز 11 دسامبر 2008 مدیر آن بود زمانی که وی متهم شد که بزرگترین کلاهبرداری تمام ادوار تاریخ را که توسط یک نفر صورت گرفته را انجام داده است.
تا زمانی که اعلام جرم علیه وی اعلام شود تحت بازداشت خانگی قرارداشت.

یک روش کلاهبرداری که سود سرمایه گذاران از اصل سرمایه آن ها پرداخت می شود یا سود پرداختی به آن ها بیش از سود کسب شده است.

همسر آندرو در همین روز به دادگاه درخواست طلاق داد و آندرو نیز میلیون ها دلار از دست داد. پسر دیگر وی از سال 2000 به منظور فرار از پرداخت سهم همسرش برای طلاق تمام سرمایه اش را از نزد پدر خارج کرد.
برنارد مدوف اطلاعات را در اختیار مقامات قرارداد و روز بعد از آن توسط ماموران FBI تفهیم اتهام شد و به جرم کلاهبرداری بازداشت شد.
چند روز بعد با وثیقه 10 میلیون دلاری تا صدور حکم نهایی آزاد شد. وی برای تامین 10 میلیون دلار نیز کلاهبرداری نموده بود.

بانکهای بزرگ جهان از جمله HSBC و Royal Bank of Scotland Group PLC و Banco Santander ( حامی مالی رئال مادرید ) در جریان این کلاهبرداری میلیارد ها دلار زیان دیدند.
چندین بانک در خارج از آمریکا ورشکسته شدند.
عده زیادی از کارشناسان و روزنامه نویسان و سرمایه گذاران این سوال را مطرح کرده اند که آیا وی به تنهایی مسئول چنین کلاهبرداری است یا افراد دیگری ( سهوا یا عمدا ) در این کلاهبرداری شریک بوده اند.
وی در زمانی که شاخص S&P بیش از 38% سقوط کرد مدعی کسب سود 10.5 درصدی بود.

گفته می شود که وی از اوایل دهه 1980 میلادی این سیستم کلاهبرداری را آغاز نمود و در شرایطی که بازده بازار بورس در 17 سال گذشته به طور متوسط در حدود 5% بوده است وی بین 10 تا 20 درصد سود تقسیم نموده است.
موسس بورس نزدک آمریکا در حالی سودی بین 18 تا 20 درصد را بین سرمایه گذاران تقسیم می کرد که کمتر سرمایه گذاری می توانست برای یکسال چنین سودی را بسازد. حتی بسیاری از تحلیل گران بورس کوشیدند روش وی را شبیه سازی کنند اما باز هم موفق به کسب چنین سودی نشدند.
برنارد مدوف که در حقیقت با کمک به موسسات خیریه و کنیسه ها خود را از حساب پس دهی به دولت و قوانین نجات داده بود با لابی قدرتمند خود در کنگره و سنا قوانین را به نفع خود و فعالیت های خود تغییر می داد.
شرکت وی که شباهت بسیاری به شرکت های خانوادگی داشت تا یک شرکت حرفه ای سرمایه گذاری .
پسران وی ( پسر بزرگ تر سرمایه و کارش را در سال 2000 از نزد پدر خارج ساخت ) برادر کوچکش و دختر برادرش و پسر خواهرش از کسانی بودند که نزد وی کار می کردند.
وی متهم بود که با بازپرداخت قسمتی از کارمزدی که از کارگزاران می گیرد به نوعی انحصار و تراست ایجاد نموده است اما وی این امر را یک بازپرداخت قانونی می دانست و در پاسخ مدعی بود :
"If your girlfriend goes to buy stockings at a supermarket, the racks that display those stockings are usually paid for by the company that manufactured the stockings. Order flow is an issue that attracted a lot of attention but is grossly overrated."
5 روز بعد از دستگیری تمام دارایی های وی از جمله خانه اش در سواحل اقیانوس آرام و خانه دیگر وی در منطقه منهتن نیویورک و ویلایی در سواخل Palm Beach ایالت فلوریدا و خانه ای در شهر پاریس و دفتر کار سه طبقه وی در نیویورک و دفاتر وی در لندن به ارزش ده ها میلیون دلار آمریکا بلوکه شد و شرکت وی تعطیل شد و نماینده ای به منظور بررسی موضوع انتخاب شد. با توجه به اتهام وارده مدوف اظهار نمود که بدهی های شرکت وی تقریبا 50 میلیارد دلار آمریکاست .
وی که بزرگترین خرید و فروش کننده بازار بورس نیویورک بود ( با سهم 15% از معاملات ) از مبدعان ابزارهایی از جمله option و future و market maker بود.
وی حتی عضو و نماینده دولت در کمیته نظارت بورس نیویورک نیز بود.
وی در سال 1992 در مصاحبه ای با مجله وال استریت ژورنال پرده از استراتژی معاملاتی خود برداشت.
با وجودی که کارشناسان سود آوری سیستم وی را مورد تردید قرار می دادند از وی می خواستند که اطلاعات بیشتری در مورد معاملات و خرید و فروش ها در اختیار آن ها قرار دهد . اما وی از قراردادن اطلاعات خودداری می نمود و مدعی که روش وی " دشوار تر از آن است که افراد دیگر درک کنند " البته باید یه سر میزد ایران میدید که چه زود اکثریت با آغوش گرم ازش پذیرایی می کردند و 2 دستی پولشون رو بجای اینکه بدند امثال پالینور و invest3fs و گاما و ..... بخورند می دادند به این آقا
وی برای کلاهبرداری افراد مذهبی و گروه های قومی خاص را هدف قرار می داد.

الان تو ایران هم اینکار داره انجام میشه که بیشتر رو بچه شهرستان ها مخصوصا کرد ها ،ترکها ولر ها کار می کنندکه به بهونه ای میارنشون تهران و جوء گیرش میکنند

لیست شرکت ها و افرادی که بیشترین زیان را دیدند بر اساس گزارش مجله وال استریت ژورنال :


Tremont Capital Management, $3.30 billion Fairfield Greenwich Group, $7.50 billion
Banco Santander, $2.87 billion
Bank Medici, $2.10 billion
Ascot Partners, $1.80 billion
Access International Advisors, $1.40 billion
Fortis, $1.35 billion
HSBC, $1.00 billion
The potential losses of these eight investors total $21.32 billion

بیش از 147 سرمایه گذار خصوصی یا موسسه خصوصی بین 100 تا 1000 میلیون دلار زیان دیدند:


Picower Foundation of Palm Beach, Fla, $958 million Natixis SA
Betty and Norman F. Levy Foundation of New York, $244 million
Carl J. Shapiro (a 95-year-old Boston philanthropist) $198 million
Chais Family Foundation of Encino, Calif, $178 million.
Royal Bank of Scotland Group PLC
BNP Paribas
BBVA
Man Group PLC
Reichmuth & Co.
Nomura Holdings
Aozora Bank[177]
Maxam Capital Management
EIM SA
AXA SA
Union Bancaire Privée Bernard Lawrence Bernie Madoff متولد 29 آوریل 1938 شهر نیویورک یک آمریکایی یهودی و بیزینس من معروف و مشهور و موسس و عضو سابق بورس NASDAQ Ponzi Scheme:

چند نمونه از مقاله هایی که درباره برنارد منتشر شده است :

Yesterday, it was revealed that inmate No. 61727-054 Metropolitan Correctional Center—a.k.a. Bernard Madoff—was worth around $823-826 million. His lawyers filed an appeal to get Madoff out of jail and listed his assets.

Most of the Ponzi schemer's money, about $700 million worth, is from his "investment firm," Bernard L. Madoff Investment Securities, which is being liquidated. The Wall Street Journal reports, "rest is a list of the type of baubles any wealthy man is likely to collect, including: a mansion in Palm Beach, Fla., estimated at $11 million; half-interest in a BLM Air Charter aircraft valued at $12 million; and a Steinway piano valued at $39,000. Many of those assets, including all but one of the four houses, were held in his wife's name."

The NY Times adds, "The Madoffs incurred expenses of $346,757 a month for insurance premiums, maintenance charges and boat storage. Monthly charges for a housekeeper at their Manhattan apartment ran about $2,860 while a boat captain for Mr. Madoff’s yacht was paid $5,250 a month." Uh, we hope that yacht is being sold. You can read the list here (PDF); notably, $140,000/month is being spent on security at the penthouse apartment and $100,000/month on legal fees.

Amusingly, his lawyers argue that Madoff should be free because of some white collar crime precedents: "Convicted executives from the biggest names in recent corporate scandals"—like WorldCom's Bernard Ebbers and Enron's Kenneth Lay —"were not subjected to detention immediately following their convictions." On Thursday, U.S. District Court Judge Denny Chin had decided Madoff should be jailed after pleading guilty because, given Madoff's age (70) and looming sentence (150 years), Chin felt he was at risk for flight.

Santander’s Madoff Sales Mean ‘Catastrophe’ for Teacher, Vendor

By Charles Penty and Esteban Duarte

Jan. 21 (Bloomberg) -- Banco Santander SA sold Bernard Madoff investments to a teacher and a street vendor, not just to wealthy private banking clients in Spain and Latin America.

Branch managers channeled customers with money from property sales or inheritances to private banking salespeople, lawyers for the investors said. A retired school teacher put 300,000 euros ($388,000), half her savings, in a structured product linked to Madoff, said Jordi Ruiz de Villa, an attorney at the Barcelona law firm Jausas. The vendor invested 325,000 euros of lottery winnings in a similar product and may have to return to street sales, according to lawyers at Cremades & Calvo-Sotelo in Madrid.

“The fact that someone has a sum of money in the bank doesn’t make him a suitable customer for this type of product,” said Ruiz de Villa, who’s representing about 30 account-holders with potential claims of 10 million euros, including the teacher. “Some retail clients have suffered true personal catastrophes because of this.” He wouldn’t provide the teacher’s name.

Santander, Spain’s biggest lender, may lose customers at the domestic branch network that accounts for a third of profit if it is found to have misled people who trusted their neighborhood bankers, said Peter Hahn, a fellow at Cass Business School in London. The bank, led by Chairman Emilio Botin, has said clients have 2.33 billion euros invested with Madoff, including 320 million euros from private banking customers in Spain.

“The model in Spain where customers just left it to Big Daddy Botin to take care of things has been broken,” said Fernando Zunzunegui, a Madrid-based lawyer. He said he is taking on Madoff-related claims valued at 8.2 million euros from 20 clients who are “clearly retail.” He declined to provide detailed information about his firm’s clients.

‘Qualifying Investors’

Ruiz de Villa and Zunzunegui said they are signing up clients and reviewing the cases in preparation for filing possible lawsuits against Santander. Javier Cremades, chairman of Cremades & Calvo-Sotelo, said he’ll push for a settlement first.

New York-based Bernard L. Madoff Investment Securities LLC collapsed last month after Madoff told his sons it was a $50 billion Ponzi scheme, according to a complaint filed by the U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation. Worldwide, the victims include banks, charities and investors such as Madrid-based billionaire Alicia Koplowitz and film director Steven Spielberg.

Santander, based in the Spanish city of the same name, on Dec. 14 said international private banking clients and institutional investors had 2.01 billion euros of potential losses in Madoff-related funds. The rest of the money is in investments sold to “qualifying investors” in Spain.

Legal Protections

Branch customers were sold products linked to Madoff through Santander’s Geneva-based Optimal Investment Services hedge-fund arm, said the three lawyers representing the bank’s customers. Investors were asked to sign statements that they understood what they were purchasing and met the criteria for investing.

The bank has said it won’t compensate clients who invested with Madoff because the losses involve fraud. A spokeswoman for Santander said the bank had no further comment on the matter.

Selling structured products to wealthy clients has been a popular strategy in Spain and wasn’t in itself wrong, because Santander believed it would yield safe and stable returns, said Fernando Luque, an analyst at Morningstar Inc. in Madrid.

“Many of these institutions like Santander are going to be protected by the documentation, but the question is how great is the business damage from all this,” Hahn of Cass Business School said.

Lottery Winner

Spanish securities law requires anyone offering investment services to “suitably evaluate” a customer’s experience and market knowledge and ensure that he or she understands the risks.

The criteria for being a potential private banking customer are lower in Spain than other countries, said Manuel Romera, head of financial industry studies at Instituto de Empresa, a business school in Madrid.

A 2006 study by the school showed that Spanish banks tend to start targeting clients with 500,000 euros in assets, compared with 1.5 million euros for international banks.

The lottery winner invested in a Santander structured finance product, according to Cremades & Calvo-Sotelo. The firm is representing some 80 individuals in Spain and Latin America, mostly Santander customers, who have about 35 million euros of claims. Cremades declined to provide the investor’s name.

‘Stable’ Fund

The teacher put half the proceeds from an apartment sale in a “multi-strategy” structured product, 35 percent of which was in Optimal Strategic U.S. Equity, an Irish-registered fund whose trades were executed by Madoff, according to Santander’s description of the investment, which was shown to Bloomberg by Ruiz de Villa.

The document describes the investment as “conservative” and “probably the most stable” of all funds run by Optimal. Structured products have a defined maturity date and include a mix of assets to meet investor needs in areas such as risk hedging and diversification.

‘Pending Valuation’

A retired electronics executive said his private banking account manager told him losses on a 400,000-euro investment he made three years ago could be 80 percent. His bank statement now lists the product as “pending valuation,” the executive said in an interview. He asked not to be identified because he may have to return to work.

Spain’s anti-corruption prosecutor last week said it had opened an investigation into Madoff’s alleged fraud.

M&B Capital Advisers, a brokerage founded by Botin’s son Javier and Guillermo Morenes, husband of his daughter Ana Patricia Botin, has said its investors put 152 million euros in funds linked to Madoff.

Santander shares have fallen 18 percent since the bank released details of potential Madoff-related losses. The Bloomberg Europe Banks and Financial Services Index dropped 27 percent in the same period.

In a speech at the Euromoney magazine awards last July in London, Botin urged bankers not to buy products they don’t understand.

‘Incalculable’ Damage

“The damage to reputation from all this to the Santander name is incredible, incalculable, the kind that takes years to repair,” said Bernhard Bauhofer, founder of Wollerau, Switzerland-based Sparring Partners GmbH, a consulting firm that specializes in corporate image management.

Santander, which calls itself “the world’s best bank,” has avoided most of the fallout from the U.S. subprime lending crisis. Last February, the bank took a 737 million-euro writedown on its stake in Sovereign Bancorp after the Philadelphia-based lender plunged in value following charges for loan losses. That compares with the $49 billion of losses and writedowns posted by Zurich-based UBS AG, the largest total among European banks.

In the five years through 2007, Santander’s net income tripled to more than 9 billion euros as Botin expanded in Latin America.

Spain has the world’s highest density of banks, with 96 branches per 100,000 people, compared with 18 for the U.K., according to a World Bank study. Santander has about 4,840 retail branches in Spain, while Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria SA has about 3,484.

In that environment, Santander has been expanding its private banking business. The division, with almost 110 billion euros under management, targeted 18 percent growth in managed assets in 2008 and a 20 percent increase in pretax profit, according to the bank’s 2007 annual report.

‘Back to Basics’

“Spain is a country of salesmen, but we also need financial experts to better explain the product to clients,” said Romera, at Instituto de Empresa.

The Madoff case highlights the need for Spanish banks to return to good investment practices that should preclude clients from putting more than 15 percent of their money in a single security or product, said Jose Miguel Mate, chief executive officer of Tressis SV, a Madrid-based wealth management company.

“There will be a way back to the basics and to common sense,” said Mate, a former commercial director of Banif, another private bank owned by Santander

Outside the London office of Madoff Securities International Wall Street's elite are dropping as fast as the financial markets in which they work. As investors sort through the trail of financial wreckage left by Bernard L. Madoff, arrested for a $50 billion Ponzi scheme that may be the largest ever, federal prosecutors are preparing to formally charge him with crimes that could land him in prison for the rest of his life. In June, federal prosecutors in Brooklyn, N.Y., charged former Bear Stearns hedge-fund managers Ralph Cioffi and Matthew Tannin with lying to investors about their funds' true value and prospects. And in September, the FBI revealed that it is investigating the people who ran Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, Lehman Bros., and AIG, all of which were casualties of this year's market meltdown.

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